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Japan's recently chosen leader, Takaichi, is set to confront her primary diplomatic challenge as she sits down with ex-President Trump for important discussions in the Japanese capital.

The agenda of their summit is expected to center on economic and defense matters, representing a key juncture for Tokyo's ties with its influential ally.

The Historic Leadership and International Introduction

The new PM, who recently assumed the role of Japan's first female prime minister after winning the top position of the governing LDP, made her international introduction at the recent Asean meeting.

But, her upcoming meeting with Trump is seen as the true test that will establish the direction for future bilateral cooperation.

Navigating Internal and International Challenges

Takaichi deals with a potentially shaky government landscape, having established a partnership that leaves her two seats short of a controlling number in the powerful chamber of parliament.

Consequently, her administration will depend on other lawmakers to approve legislation, adding a element of complexity to her governance.

Common Perspectives and Diverging Interests

Takaichi shares Trump's wariness of Chinese defense activities in the region, yet both nations have experienced challenges from Trump's "America-first" economic approach.

Recently, the former president facilitated a truce agreement between Thailand and Cambodia forces during the first stage of his Asian tour.

Military Build-up and Budget Commitments

Takaichi has stated her determination to speed up Japan's military expansion, aiming to raise military spending to two percent of GDP by the end of March.

This move matches a longstanding request from Trump and represents the largest military expansion for the nation since the Second World War.

Defense Partnership and Strains

The country has also moved to acquire "counterstrike" abilities, including Tomahawk weapons from the United States, and intends to deploy domestically developed extended-range missiles.

However, the bilateral defense agreement is still a source of tension, with Trump earlier suggesting that Japan should contribute more for stationing US troops on its territory.

Trade Outlook and Talks

Not many anticipate significant agreements on economic issues this week, particularly after recent tariff adjustments provided some relief to Japan's economy.

Takaichi is expected to seek further benefits by committing to increased purchases of American goods, including vehicles, soybeans, and gas.

Personal Rapport and the Abe Connection

The importance Trump places on personal rapport could benefit Takaichi's advantage, given her close ties with the late ex-leader Abe, who was among his preferred international figures.

Abe was the first international figure to visit the then president-elect after his election, and the two built a strong relationship over mutual interests such as golf.

Upcoming Schedule and International Significance

Trump's visit to Japan will begin with a meeting with Emperor Naruhito at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo.

This will be followed by discussions with the PM at the official residence, the very venue where Trump held talks with Abe in 2019.

Afterward, the former president will proceed to the Republic of Korea for the APEC meeting, where he is scheduled to engage with China's leader Xi.